1. principle: The airport surface surveillance radar is mainly used to monitor the airport runway, taxiway and other ground area targets. It transmits radar waves to cover the ground area of the airport, and determines the location of the target by receiving the signal reflected by the ground target. At the same time, Doppler effect can be used to calculate the speed of the target.
Functions:
Ground traffic monitoring: Monitoring of aircraft, vehicles and other traffic activities on the ground of the airport. It gives controllers a clear view of where an aircraft is taxiing on the runway, its speed, and how vehicles are operating in areas such as taxiways. At busy airports, where ground traffic is complicated, airport surface surveillance radars can help prevent collisions between aircraft and vehicles. For example, when the aircraft is ready to taxi out of the parking stand, the controller can observe the vehicle situation around the aircraft through the airport surface surveillance radar, and direct the aircraft and vehicles to pass safely.
Airport Surface Surveillance Radar (ASDE) is a type of radar used to monitor aircraft and vehicles on the ground of airports.
Here is a detailed description of it:
2. System composition
Transmitter: Responsible for generating and transmitting radar signals, usually including components such as magnetrons and modulators, whose performance directly affects the monitoring range and resolution of the radar system.
Transceiver switch: used to control the working state of the transmitter and receiver to realize the transmission and reception of signals.
Antenna system: responsible for receiving and transmitting radar signals, its performance such as gain, beamwidth, etc., affect radar coverage and detection accuracy.
Receiver: receives the radar signal reflected back from the target, amplifies, filters, detects the weak signal, and converts it into an electrical signal that can be processed.
Signal processing system: the receiver output signal processing, including target detection, distance measurement, azimuth measurement, speed measurement, etc., extract the target position, speed and other information.
Data display and analysis system: the data obtained by the signal processing system is displayed and analyzed, usually including radar displays, image processing software and data storage devices, so that the controller can monitor and analyze the situation of the airport scene in real time.
3. Technical characteristics
High resolution: It can accurately distinguish the aircraft and vehicles on the airport field and other targets, the general azimuth accuracy is between ±1° and ±3°, and the distance accuracy is usually within a few meters to tens of meters, which helps to accurately locate and track the target.
High data rate: The antenna speed is fast, usually 60 RPM, to ensure that the information of the target can be quickly obtained and updated in time, so that the controller can grasp the dynamic situation of the airport scene in real time.
Strong anti-interference ability: The use of advanced signal processing technology and anti-interference measures, such as frequency agility, code modulation, etc., can work stably in a complex electromagnetic environment to reduce the impact of external interference on radar performance.
Adapt to complex environment: can work normally in low visibility, bad weather and other conditions, to provide the controller with accurate airport scene information, to ensure the safe operation of the airport.
4. Function and significance
Improve airport operation efficiency: enable controllers to fully understand and master the distribution and activities of various targets on the airport field, so as to reasonably arrange the taxi route and parking slot allocation of aircraft, reduce the waiting time and taxi distance of aircraft on the ground, and improve the operation efficiency of the airport.
Enhance airport security: It can monitor aircraft and vehicles on the airport field in real time, find potential conflicts and dangers in time, such as runway intrusion, taxiway collision, etc., and give early warning to the controller, so that the controller can take timely measures to avoid accidents and enhance the security of the airport.
Support low visibility operation: In low visibility weather conditions, such as fog, heavy rain, snow, etc., the controller can not visually observe the airport scene, ASDE provides a reliable visual aid for the controller, so that it can accurately command the operation of aircraft and vehicles, to ensure the normal operation of the airport in low visibility conditions.
5. Application cases
Beijing Capital International Airport, China: The domestic scene surveillance radar is adopted to achieve all-round and high-precision monitoring of the airport scene, which provides strong support for the busy operation of the airport and ensures the travel safety of passengers and the on-time rate of flights.